Focusing on the post-oil trend in South Sudan, this paper discusses how the South Sudan’s political economy has changed since the oil shutdown in 2005 to present. The shift, following the civil war in 2012-2013, to a political economy predicated on the apportionment of positions and licenses has intensified inequality in South Sudan and enabled continued elite domination. The emergence of a market economy has facilitated the transformation of the political marketplace. While this form of elite domination is likely durable, it will not be peaceful.

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