Based on research conducted over a two-year period (2022-2024), this report examines how communities directly and indirectly engage with armed actors in a context marred with conflict and violence. The report finds that engagement with armed actors is influenced by many conditions, challenges, opportunities and risks. Finally, the report provides insights on how to leverage such engagement in a way that can reduce violence and contribute to greater complementarity between humanitarian, protection, and peacebuilding interventions.

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